Membrane Nutrient Bioavailability Breakthrough
Coenzyme Q10 (“CoQ10”) and the omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA are vitamin-like nutrients that have numerous clinically proven benefits and functionally complement each other’s actions.^1,2,3 But these nutrients have limited absorption when taken by mouth. This VESIsorb® combination of CoQ10, DHA and EPA is formulated to optimize the delivery of these nutrients to their exclusive site of action: the membrane systems of all the body’s cells.⁴ The cell membrane system is a network of interconnecting, ribbon-like structures that enclose the contents of the cell and also subdivide its interior into functionally specialized compartments.⁴ The cell membranes are essentially energy dynamos that drive all of metabolism.³ CoQ10, DHA and EPA all are building blocks for these cell membranes, and complement each other to support healthy membrane dynamics.^4,5

Being oil-compatible to fit deep into membranes, the nutrients CoQ10, DHA and EPA all mix very poorly with water and this limits their absorption from the water-phase of the intestinal contents through to the bloodstream. VESIsorb® is a new technology that creates an ultra-fine, oily colloidal dispersion of these nutrients in water, to dramatically improve their rate and extent of absorption into the blood.⁶

 

VESIsorb®, The Nano-Colloid Nutrient Delivery Breakthrough
The VESIsorb® technology⁶ uses a patented mix of water-compatible but oily molecules to combine with the poorly water soluble CoQ10, DHA and EPA molecules and convert them into an oily molecular complex. Once this mixture is exposed to water, as occurs when they are consumed by mouth, the complex self-reorganizes into ultra-microscopic fluid colloidal droplets. These are termed nano-colloids, being typically less than 100 nanometers in diameter (1 nanometer being one millionth of one millimeter). They dissolve the actives into the aqueous phase, from which these can diffuse into close proximity with the intestinal lining cells and more readily become absorbed.

Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone)
This is a vitamin-like nutrient, currently classified as “conditionally essential” for health. The body can make limited amounts of CoQ10, but additional supplies from the diet seem necessary to good health. CoQ10 deficiencies are well documented and have wide-ranging negative effects on health.⁷ Oral CoQ10 supplementation sufficient to raise its blood levels into normal range will often substantially restore healthy function.⁸

Gene mutations that impair the body’s synthesis of CoQ10 can cause severe problems from birth (primary CoQ10 deficiency). These cases typically have severe fatigue that often coexists with limitations on the heart, skeletal muscle, kidney and brain.⁷ In such cases, ample supplementation with CoQ by mouth can raise its blood levels, replenish CoQ10 in the tissues and thereby revitalize tissue functions.

Secondary CoQ10 deficiencies can result from intensive physical exercise,⁹ exposures to oxidative toxins,^10,11 or consumption of statins and certain other pharmaceutical drugs.1 The use of CoQ supplements with poor bioavailability often is insufficient to correct such deficiencies and has unreliable benefit from one individual to another. The VESIsorb® technology is such an efficient delivery system that it virtually guarantees blood CoQ10 will be elevated into the range necessary for resolving deficiency.⁶

Irreplaceable for Cell Energy Production
CoQ10 is literally “the spark of life” because it is indispensable for the generation of life energy as ATP (adenosine triphosphate).⁴ The cell’s energy generators are its 500-1000 mitochondria, each demarcated inside the cell by double membranes. Though the entire cell membrane network carries CoQ10, mitochondria have by far the highest unit CoQ10 content and no other nutrient can substitute for CoQ10’s functions.

Relying on CoQ10, the mitochondria generate more than 90 percent of the body’s ATP.⁴ Within the core of the inner mitochondrial membrane, molecules of CoQ10 are continually moving back and forth, rapidly shuttling electrons between large protein catalysts that altogether generate ATP.¹² DHA and EPA give to the membrane core a flexibility (semi-fluid state) that facilitates these ultra-rapid migrations of CoQ10.

Mitochondrial efficiency tends to decline with age.¹³ Mitochondrial decline typically features lowered ATP generation capacity, linked to declining function of the brain, heart, skeletal muscles, and other organs. Conversely, oral supplementation with CoQ10 to raise its blood levels above certain thresholds can have valuable benefits for individuals with fatigue problems or with other problems related to poor mitochondrial performance.¹²

Potent and Unique Antioxidant Protectant
CoQ10 is also a potent antioxidant, able to readily donate electrons to block “free radical” and other oxidative attack on cell membranes. As an antioxidant CoQ10 seems especially important for the mitochondrial membranes.¹ This could be a very important contribution to health, because the very same “oxidative phosphorylation” process that generates ATP in the mitochondria also creates a continuous leakage of oxygen free radicals that can create substantial cell damage unless restrained by antioxidant defense. Many experts believe oxygen free radical damage could be the ultimate restraint on the human
lifespan.¹³

CoQ10 also helps protect the rest of the cell’s labyrinthine system of membranes, even helping to conserve the vitamin E of membranes by recycling it from the oxidized to the antioxidant reduced form.¹² There is good evidence for antioxidant synergy between CoQ10 and vitamin E.1⁴ As vitamin E or total antioxidant capacity falls within the membranes, their CoQ10 content tends to rise, perhaps as a compensatory adaptation. CoQ10 seems to be centrally involved in maintaining the membrane’s “redox poise”, a delicate balance between oxidation and reduction that is important for good health.^12,14

Protects the Heart and Blood Vessels
CoQ10 provides key support for the heart in its crucial function as the body’s mechanical pump, as concluded from two “meta-analyses” that separately pooled data from multiple clinical trials.^1,15 CoQ10’s high degree of importance for the beating heart is consistent with the heart muscle fibers having the highest density of mitochondria and the highest CoQ10 concentration of any tissue.

CoQ10 also protects the blood vessels and can boost their performance.1⁶ In its role as energy catalyst CoQ10 helps sustain the endothelium, the highly active single layer of flattened cells that line the inner blood vessel walls. As an antioxidant, CoQ10 protects the circulating LDL (low-density lipoprotein) particles
against oxidative stresses that can render them more toxic.¹

CoQ10 also supports healthy blood pressure management, both systolic and diastolic, as indicated by a 2007 meta-analysis of 12 clinical trials.¹⁷ In all, CoQ10 nutritionally supports the heart, the blood vessels and the circulating blood via dual and complementary molecular action mechanisms.

Breakthrough for the Brain
The brain is a tremendous ATP guzzler. At rest, this 3-pound organ uses about 20 percent of the body’s total energy; when fully engaged it can consume 50 percent or more.⁵ Functional brain decline, whether
linked to toxic nerve cell death, to cumulative age-related damage, or to hereditary limitations, typically begins with impaired production of ATP in the zones earliest afflicted.5^,18

Dietary supplementation with CoQ10 has partially slowed brain decline, and at blood CoQ10 levels that are likely attainable with the VESIsorb® delivery system.^5,19 In double-blind trials, CoQ10 was helpful against limitations of limb movement and other motor problems known to be based in the brain.^18,19

Supports Immune System Performance
The pioneering CoQ10 researcher Karl Folkers and his colleagues found that CoQ10 supplementation
increased IgG antibody and CD4 T-lymphocyte (“helper cell”) counts in healthy subjects.²⁰ Other immune cells (“phagocytes”, “killer cells”) use CoQ10 for mobility and to generate free radicals directed against their prey. Some of these cells re-direct the same CoQ10 electron transfer properties normally used to make energy, into generating highly destructive free radicals. An Italian study of subjects aged over 90 found that natural killer cell performance was most impaired in subjects with the worst CoQ10 deficiency.²¹

CoQ10’s Many Other Proven Benefits Other benefits of CoQ10 as documented from clinical studies include:
• Protection of the gum tissue against oxidative damage²²
• Improvement in the time to fatigue during aerobic exercise²³
• Enhanced resistance of the skeletal muscles to damage from intense exercise⁹
• Facilitation of flow-mediated dilation function in the peripheral circulation¹⁶
• Energetic and antioxidant support for healthy spermatozoa motility²⁴
• Improved tolerance of surgical stress²⁵

Some of the clinical studies suggest that the greater the degree of initial CoQ10 deficiency the greater the degree of functional impairment^24,26 and the greater the degree of subsequent functional improvement once the tissue CoQ10 level is replenished to the normal range.^18,24,26

It is still not clear whether tissue CoQ10 levels always decline with advancing age. But given that tissue markers of oxidative stress do increase with age; that CoQ10 is a potent antioxidant that helps conserve other antioxidants; and that CoQ10 is well tolerated and safe for long-term use, it would seem prudent for older individuals (or young individuals with fatigue problems) to take supplemental CoQ10 daily.

Individuals who are vegetarians are also well advised to take supplemental CoQ10, as are those who take statin drugs or other drugs known to be oxidative. In the early stages of CoQ10 research, poor bioavailability was the major factor limiting its efficacy as a dietary supplement. The advent of the VESIsorb® delivery technology now makes delivery of CoQ10 to the tissues routine, efficient and affordable.

Omega-3 DHA and EPA
Like CoQ10, the omega-3 nutrients DHA (DocosaHexaenoic Acid) and EPA (EicosaPentaenoic Acid) are cell membrane building blocks that are both protective and crucial to the health of the cell as a whole. Like CoQ10, they operate only in cell membranes, are distributed throughout the membrane networks, and influence even the innermost core of the membrane.⁴

DHA and EPA are anchored into the membrane’s matrix by phospholipid molecules. The long, electron-dense hydrocarbon chains of these two fatty acids extend deep into the membrane’s core and help keep that zone semi-fluid.²⁷ For optimal membrane function it is essential to have sufficient omega-3 chains to maintain this semi-fluid state at all times. The omega-3 chains also allow freedom of movement for CoQ10, which is confined to the membrane core.

DHA has a longer molecular chain than EPA (22 carbons versus 20 for EPA), and therefore a greater fluidizing effect on membranes.⁴ EPA is important, however, as a parent source of messenger substances — prostaglandins and other eicosanoids — that regulate healthy function (homeostasis) throughout the tissues.² Recently it was established that DHA also is used to make messengers— in this case docosanoids, also called protectins and resolvins.²⁸ These DHA derivatives protect the tissues by helping to limit potentially harmful immune system over-excitation in response to injury.

There is a huge body of clinical cardiovascular research on DHA and EPA, mainly as “fish oil” supplements. As with CoQ10, DHA and EPA have a variety of clinically proven health benefits.

Diverse Circulation Benefits of DHA and EPA
Taken together, the thousands of epidemiologic, observational, experimental and randomized controlled trials published over the past 3 decades document clear cardiovascular benefits from omega-3 DHA and EPA.²⁹ These long-chain omega-3s lower the risk of “adverse” cardiovascular events by some 19-45 percent, and the shorter-chain ALA (alpha-linolenic acid) from plants does not substitute for these benefits.^29,30 Humans convert less than 5% of dietary ALA to EPA (and less to DHA),³¹ therefore vegetarians are well advised to take supplemental DHA and EPA as dietary supplements.

The weight of the evidence supporting the benefits of DHA and EPA for heart and blood vessel health is so great, that in 2003 the American Heart Association (AHA) made a nutrient endorsement for the first time in its history. The AHA joined with other professional healthcare organizations worldwide to issue strong recommendations that individuals consume DHA and EPA daily for cardiovascular wellbeing.³² In 2004, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced it would “consider exercising enforcement discretion” for a qualified health claim that consumption of EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.³³

DHA and EPA are clearly established to confer their cardiovascular benefits via their presence in cell membranes. As reviewed by Lee and colleagues in 2008,²⁹ their cardiovascular benefits include:
• Increasing the threshold for arrhythmia (that is, lessening the risk for breakdown of the healthy heart rhythm)
• Supporting healthy heart rate variability
• Supporting healthy blood pressure and arterial and endothelial function
• Supporting healthy platelet function
• Favorably affecting autonomic tone (non-conscious nervous control of organ functions).

DHA and EPA can be safely consumed along with statin drugs.²⁹ Since statins interfere with the body’s CoQ10 synthesis, supplementing with VESIsorb® CoQ10 Plus Omega-3 would offer a compound advantage to the statin user: the benefits of DHA and EPA combined with the benefits of CoQ10 and repletion of CoQ10 lost to the statin therapy.

Brain Benefits From DHA and EPA
Among the proven benefits of DHA and EPA for the brain are their essentiality for the pre-and post-natal development of the visual and other sensory functions, along with the brain’s cognitive functions; for the maintenance of these functions across the entire lifespan, for healthy behavior management and for healthy mood control.

Nerve cells are the largest cells of the body. They rely on long “axon” stretches (up to four feet worth) with their associated membrane mass to generate, transmit, and integrate the electrical and chemical signals necessary for normal functions.⁴ These membranes are kept semi-fluid by having high omega-3 content.³⁴ Epidemiologic studies indicate that when the brain is relatively deficient in omega-3s, the risk increases for premature deterioration of memory and the other higher brain functions.²⁷

The retinal photoreceptors, nerve-type cells that interface with nerve cells in the brain to accomplish vision, also rely heavily on the omega-3s. DHA is more closely linked to good vision than is EPA, and dietary insufficiency of DHA in early life is linked to poor vision development as well as relative cognitive impairment.²⁷ DHA and EPA make up a substantial proportion of the fatty acids in healthy human breast milk.³⁵

Mood and behavior are also closely linked to DHA and EPA status (here again, ALA does not effectively substitute).²⁷ In children, poor omega-3 status predicts higher risk for behavioral unpredictability and learning problems.³⁶ Double-blind trials and other clinical experience demonstrate that children with difficulties of behavior and learning can markedly improve following supplementation with DHA and EPA. A 2006 meta-analysis by the American Psychiatric Association found statistically significant benefit from DHA and EPA for adults with mood problems.³⁷

The evidence for brain benefits from DHA and EPA supplementation is almost as overwhelming as the cardiovascular evidence. Numerous epidemiologic studies, clinical trials, and other studies show that the crucial roles of DHA and EPA for brain health begin well before birth and continue through childhood and adolescence into middle age and late life. As a rule, the higher the omega-3 levels in the brain, the lower the risk for dysfunctions of mood, behavior or cognition. For their significance to intelligence, healthy mood management and appropriate behavior, the brain benefits of DHA and EPA would seem as important as their well-established circulation benefits.

Benefits for the Joints and Other Tissues
DHA and EPA support healthy joint flexibility and overall performance, especially when supplemented in gram quantities daily. A 2007 meta-analysis of 17 randomized, controlled trials found that DHA and EPA significantly improved (1) joint stiffness, (2) the total number of painful or tender joints, and (3) the level of joint pain intensity.³⁸

Though their benefits for some tissues have been studied more than others, DHA and EPA actually benefit all the tissues of the body. Proven benefits for other organ systems include:
• Gastrointestinal: zones of damage to the lining can respond positively to DHA plus EPA, as shown in clinical trials. Protective omega-3 eicosanoids and docosanoids help calm down immune overactivity.³⁹
• Gastrointestinal: DHA and EPA can down-regulate overactive cell proliferation, perhaps via regulatory effects on genes linked to cell cycle control.⁴⁰
• Other: wide-ranging clinical benefits are linked to DHA and EPA influences on cell signaling and gene expression in many different cell types.⁴¹

Dietary intakes of DHA and EPA currently are grossly insufficient in the typical Western diet.² They are virtually absent from food plants, and severely lacking in the meat produced from farm animals raised in feedlots. This overall dietary lack contributes to measurable imbalances in the cell membrane fatty acid ratios, which are linked to sub-optimal membrane fluidity that compromises metabolic functions.³ Individuals seeking optimal health are well advised to supplement their daily diet with DHA plus EPA.

It is not easy to construct a natural diet that is adequate in DHA plus EPA. Wild-caught cold-water fish are a viable source but are relatively expensive and often polluted with mercury and/or other toxic residues. Obtaining dietary supplements from reputable suppliers is the best way to ensure a clean, potent, and affordable daily supply. VESIsorb® CoQ10 Plus Omega-3 combines these three functionally complementary cell membrane nutrients into one convenient to take, affordable and highly bioavailable preparation.

In addition to the dramatic improvement of CoQ10 absorption by VESIsorb®, as illustrated in the chart above,⁶ data from a preliminary human study suggests that VESIsorb® also enhances DHA and EPA absorption.⁴² The combination of CoQ10, DHA and EPA into one supplement with VESIsorb® delivery improves their likelihood for universally improving cell membrane efficiency and in turn for upgrading all the tissues and organs.

Cell membranes are the key to the most fundamental life processes, which translate into the body’s overall functional readiness and support optimal health. Considering that CoQ10, DHA and EPA have such complementary membrane functions, and that deficiencies of these nutrients can have such wide-ranging negative effects, VESIsorb® CoQ10 Plus Omega-3 offers great promise for improving health and wellbeing at any age.

Prepared for Doctor’s Best by Parris M. Kidd, PhD.

Does Not Contain: milk, egg, wheat, gluten, corn, sugar, sweeteners, starch, salt, or preservatives.

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